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Perfecting the skill of knowing how to use a stick welder probably seems like a big job. But it is actually quite easy, if you follow these simple steps you will be welding like you have been doing it for years. Simply make sure you understand these welding methods and remember to always practice on scrap metal that is not important and figuring out how to weld will become an experience not a headache.
During Arc Welding, the welding arc existing at the the end of the welding stick and the target area produces such large amount of heat that it liquefies both the welding rod and the target area. After the molten metal area comes back to the ambient temperature, it permanently secures the two pieces of metal together.
To consistently achieve good weld joints, you will find it essential to are comfortable using the welder, choose the proper arc welding rod, remove an dirt or rust from the area to be welded sufficiently, and you most know the only way to become truly comfortable is by sharpening your skill gained through training and practice.
While wearing protective clothing and holding the Electrode Clamp away from conducting surface, insert correct electrode (welding rod) into Electrode Clamp, at convenient angle.
To begin welding, first obey all safety precautions, now clip the Ground Clamp to the workpiece in such a way as to provide good electrical conductivity between the workpiece and the ground clamp. Adjust the Amperage to the appropriate setting. Scrape the electrode along the metal in a fashion similar to striking a match. Do not "rap" the electrode on the workpiece as that may cause damage to the electrode by dislodging flux.
As soon as the arc is started, position the electrode at a 30° angle to the workpiece. When welding, maintain the arc by holding the electrode as far from the metal as the thickness of the welding rod Proceed at a smooth, even speed.
Experienced welders often use a "weaving" pattern. This is a smooth oscillating flow of the electrode during the weld process to evenly disperse the weld puddle throughout the joint. This also results in a repetitive wave-like texture on the bead
As you progress, periodically use a "Slag Hammer" and "Scratch Brush" to remove flux and slag deposits on the surface of the weld before the the metal has cooled completely. This will help prevent bubbles and pitting in the weld.
Do your best to make an even weld bead that fully penetrates the workpiece, and is completely filled with the pooled welding material. Avoid leaving gaps, undercuts, cavities or excess material overflowing from the joint..
Keep in mind the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) of your workpiece. Arc welding heats the base metal, and may seriously affect its tensile strength or flexibility. Expert welders use only the minimum amount of power needed to produce a strong joint by moving evenly along the weld joint, using the correct amperage, and making sure not to use excessive amounts of electrode
Good welds depend on the action of an proper flux. Do not use electrodes which have gotten wet.
Do not contaminate the joint by using oily slag hammers or scratch brushes. It is also important to remember that a scratch brush which has been used on a steel weld can often lead to rust contamination if used on stainless steel weld.
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The Author, Jeff Bowerman teaches welding through his site which has great beginner welding videos, welding articles and our highly rated welding handbook. A great place to start to learn how to arc weld or gas welding.
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