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The photon is one of the elementary particles and its interactions with electrons and atomic nuclei account for a great many features of matter. Because electromagnetic fields are made up of large numbers of photons, electromagnetic interaction is mediated by the exchange of photons. In Classical Theory, the photon is considered the quantum of the electromagnetic field.
The Theory of Super Relativity(SR Theory) extends our current limited knowledge of what a photon is and adds to the Classical Theory. It physically describes what a photon is and why a photon behaves as it does.
In many circumstances, a photon acts like a classical particle, for instance, when registered by the light-sensitive device in a camera. In other circumstances, a photon acts like a classical wave, as when passing through the optics in a camera.
According to the so-called wave-particle duality of quantum physics, "Sometimes a photon acts like a wave and sometimes it acts like a particle." In other words, a photon displays one or the other aspect of its nature according to the circumstances. But this is slightly misleading: A photon always acts like both a wave and a particle! For example, when single photons are shot through a slit, each photon can be detected when it hits—but over time, the diffraction pattern that emerges is the same as it would be if the photons were given off all in one burst.
The SR Theory can explain all the properties of the photon, which are:
1. Wavelength
2. Spin
3. Energy
4. Momentum
The key to understanding the universe is to ask the right questions. For the photon, the right questions are:
1. What is the photon made of?
2. What physically happens to make the photon exhibit its characteristic properties?
3. Why is a photon always in motion?
4. Why does the speed of light have the specific value that it does?
Let’s use analytical troubleshooting to answer these questions. Analytical troubleshooting is fairly simple: take one question at a time and “drill down" into it by asking additional questions, researching, and brainstorming. Using “what is the photon made of?" as an example, we might begin by asking what materials are used to construct a photon?
Current conventional theories describe the photon as a massless and chargeless point in space. The photon is a fundamental particle—which means that it does not break down into something smaller. So far conventional theories say nothing about what the photon is made of. The photon has no charge and no mass yet it does have energy—a bit of a contradiction. According to e=mc2, if the photon has energy it must have mass. So either Einstein's famous equation is incorrect or current theories to describe the photon are flawed.Quantum Mechanics, as well as Relativity and String Theories, offer no explanations of a photon’s make-up.
What does SR Theory suggest? According to SR Theory, only one thing—space—exists in the universe and everything is made up of this physical material. Therefore, a photon must be made up of spatial material. If, in fact, the photon is made of space, then all the various particles are made up of space as well. In order for particles to be distinguished from ordinary space, they have to be physically different in some way. Thus, a particle is defined as any region of space that has been geometrically distorted in a mechanical way.
Because space is finite but unbounded structure, particles cannot unravel and return to an undistorted or an unconfigured state. To exist and to be recognizable as distinct entities within space, particles must distort space mechanically.
There are 4 different ways to distort space mechanically.
  
Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3
Figure 1 shows three of the dimensions needed for gravity to exist and to be able to be manifested in our universe. SR Theory defines dimensions as ways that space can be stretched. One dimension is assigned to each axis of movement. For example, in Figure 1 there are three axes of movement (three ways to stretch or contract space):
1. On the X axis (back and forth)
2. On the Y axis (up and down)
3. On the Z axis (to and fro, or diagonally)
Stretching or contracting space in this way allows for spherical geometries to exist. As shown in Figure 1, this is what is required for gravity to manifest itself in the universe.
Another dimension that is needed for electrostatic fields to occur is mechanical distortion. This dimension drives matter and energy phenomena in the universe.
Figures 2 and 3 show the most important property of matter / energy: physical twisting / spatial inversion. Figure 2 is a simple 2-dimensional side view showing a slice of space that is twisted. Figure 3 is a direct, head-on view of what space looks like when there is an inversion. This is the only way for an electrostatic charge to manifest itself in our universe. And this makes perfect sense. Without spatial inversion (the fourth dimension), the universe would have only 3-dimensional particles that exhibited only a force of attraction. The universe would have never been born from the “Big Bang" if only gravity existed. If the universe could expand, it would most certainly collapse in a hurry.
That is why there is the Coulomb force, a force of repulsion. The Coulomb force provides a mechanism by which particles can establish more complicated structures such as atoms, molecules, and force-mediating particles such as the photon. Attraction and repulsion are necessary so that atomic and subatomic particles do not collapse into one big clump.
Spatial inversion also endows particles with another important attribute: motion. Not just ordinary motion but a state of perpetual motion. Photons and electrons never stand still; they never stop. They may slow down when they enter a different medium such as air or water but they do not stop. That’s because any region of space that is twisted will attempt to resolve itself. It’s natural for a twisted region of space to keep trying to find the edge of space so that it can unwind and return to an undistorted state. Fortunately for us and our universe, space is a finite but unbounded system. Basically what this means is there is no edge or endpoint where particles can unnwind, hence matter and energy cannot be destroyed. Space has no edge, and no end where the twisted region can be released. This means that charged particles like the photon travel through space forever seeking a region where they can unwind. Atomic structures can form and also transform when energy is either added or subtracted from an atom or a molecule. All these complex particle interactions occur because of the Coulomb force and its counterpart, the magnetic field.
We must also discuss the photon’s internal structure, which is twofold.
1. The photon’s internal core is a collapsed region of space. It may be collapsed to such an extent that it may even qualify as an ultraminiature “black hole." This is what gives the photon its mass. Yet scientists say that photons are massless. The SR Theory can and will answer how a particle can appear not to have mass but still possess mass.
2. The photon’s gravitational core is surrounded by an overshield. This outer layer is where space has been twisted, which creates the particle’s electrostatic component. Spatial inversion completely envelops the gravitational component of the photon. Because of this configuration, the gravitational component is for the most part isolated from the external environment and prevented from reacting too strongly, gravitationally speaking, with other matter. The spatial twist (or overshield) stretches space, lessening the effect that gravity has on space.
According to SR Theory, a transformational equation that describes space's finite ability to support force can be predicted. Space has a finite amount of force-potential capability stored within it. An example of space's limitation is the phenomenon known as the black hole or singularity. This is a region of space that is 1-dimensional; it has only one property, in this case gravity. When mass concentration reaches a certain density, space collapses and a singularity is born. This is the key. If space can become 1-dimensional in the gravitational sense, its other two properties may also have a finite limit.
For example, if we continued twisting space using either a magnetic or electrostatic field, SR Theory predicts that space would at some point lose its ability to express itself gravitationally. In other words, in an intense magnetic or electrostatic field, gravity would greatly diminish. (Please be sure to see related articles that discuss Space and Matter and Energy on this website for more information about the transformation equation describing space’s ability to manifest force.)
Image of Photon shown below:
This phenomenon explains why a photon appears to be massless at times. The intense electromagnetic field cloaks or suppresses the gravitational component of the photon.
Even when the gravitational component is cloaked, there are still instances in which the photon exhibits mass-like properties. For example, when a photon and another particle collide, they sometimes deflect just like billiard balls, a pretty good trick for a massless object!
The electrostatic field that surrounds the photon also gives it motion. The twisting of space creates the phenomenon known as the slip wave and this propels the photon forward. The photon’s speed is primarily determined by the tension of space. The tighter space is stretched, the faster light travels. When a photon passes through an intense gravitational field, it is deflected because of its gravitational component and slowed down because space is less tense where gravitational fields are located. SR Theory predicts that the math that explains this phenomenon will be discovered when the Kaluza-Klien technique is employed using 4 spatial dimensions and 1 temporal dimension.
Basically, all particles work like photons. The degree of spatial twisting and spatial collapse gives each particle its unique properties. According to SR Theory, spatial twisting cloaks the gravitational component of particles and therefore the values that we have for them are incorrect. We cannot achieve the correct values until we discover the Spatial Force Transformation Equation. SR Theory predicts that the math that explains this phenomenon will be discovered when the Kaluza-Klien technique is employed using 4 spatial dimensions and 1 temporal dimension.
If we reformulate using the concept of a twisted, spatially inverted space, instead of curled space, the mathematics will then be correct. If we do this we will find the Spatial Force Transformation Equation and also discover the complete set of formulas necessary for unification. If you are a mathematician who can help prove this, please go to the contacts page, leave your contact information, and we will be in touch with you.
The final theory that unifies the true forces of nature is a special version of Relativity, called Super Relativity. For more information about the force unification aspects of this SR Theory, please read the following articles on this site: “ What are Matter and Energy? ," and “ The Spatial Properties,". Ó 2006, Superrelativity.org.
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